Trade was the mainstay of the urban economy in the Middle East, as caravans negotiated the surrounding desert, restricted only by access to water and by mountain ranges.

因为商队只能通过水路和山脉进入沙漠，贸易就成为了中东城市的主要经济支柱。

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Researches focusing on regional and urban economy.

主要从事区域和城市经济方面的研究。

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The urban economy is growing, but not by that rate.

城市经济是在增长，但不会是那个比例。

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Eighty billion dollars of that total was to be pumped into the U.S.economy to promote development of renewable energy, urban mass transit, high-speed rail systems and clean energy jobs.

VOA: standard.2010.02.25

Cities like Sao Paulo are designed for an industrial age while the urban economy has become 85% related to services.

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But the urban economy relies on migrant labour, and some cities have been much more adroit than Beijing in providing schools.

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One key element is economic the active articulation between the advanced economic sectors and backward-looking sectors, i.e. sectors that seem like an anachronism in an advanced urban economy.

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